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Botticelli (1445 - May 17, 1510)
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"The Italian painter, Botticelli, 'little barrel',
was born Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi during
the early Renaissance period. This period has
often been referred to as the 'Golden Age' as
a mark of respect to grand patrons such as Lorenzo
de' Medici."
Alessandro or Sandro, as he
was called, was the fourth son of Mariano di Vanni
Filipepi, a tanner. History suggests that Botticelli
trained to become a goldsmith, before he expressed
a desire to draw a nd began to study painting
from Fra Filippo Lippi in the beginning of 1460s.
Historical facts ascertain that
Botticelli ran his own workshop in Florence
since 1470, during which time he also became a
member of the St. Luke's Guild. Most of his early
work had a religious theme. The However, 1470,
the Florentine Tribunate di Mercatanzia commissioned
Sandro Botticelli to paint Fortitude (1470).Four
years after that, one of Botticelli paintings
'St. Sebastian' (1474), considered a monumental
example of skills, was displayed on a pillar in
the Santa Maria Maggiore Church in Florence. After
this, Botticelli painted the 'Adoration
of Magi' (1475), which depicted the members from
Medici Clan, the ruling family of Florence in
those days
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Botticelli
also painted a portrait of Giuliano de' Medici
(1476-1477), which is also very well known. But,
perhaps the most popular and admired of all Botticelli
paintings are the Madonnas. A look at Botticelli
gallery will display commendable works such
as 'Madonna and Child with Eight Angles' (1478),
Madonna del Libro (1480), Madonna of the Magnificent
(1480-1481), Madonna of the Pomegranate (1487),
Madonna del Padiglione (1493).
Moreover,
it was in 1480, that Botticelli was commissioned
by the Ognissanti church to paint the fresco St.
Augustine. During the same period, he also painted
a fresco, though this piece of work failed to
survive.
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A
year later, in 1481, Botticelli along with
fellow artists like Cosimo Rosseli andPierro Perugino
were invited by Pope Sixtus IV to spread their
magic by painting frescos, in his Capella magna,
which became famous as the Sistine Chapel. In
the following years, Botticelli painted
some of his best-recognized works such as the
mythological 'Primavera' (1482) and 'The Birth
of Venus' (1485).He also painted 'The Story of
Nastagio degli Onesti' (1482-1483), which was
a series of four frescos based on the fable in
Boccaccio's Decameron and used for the decoration
of the Pucci Villa . Around the same time, Bottecelli's
fame Bottecelli's fame was spreading everywhere and his mythological works such as
'The Temptation of Christ' (1481-1482), 'Scenes
from the Life of Moses' (1481-1482) and 'The Punishment
of Korah' (1481-1482) were being lapped up by
the patrons and the art-lovers alike.
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Towards
the 1490s, the Dominican monk Girolamo Savonarola
influenced Botticelli's work. The monk's
sermons and writings created impressions of an
imminent Apocalypse that would occur at the turn
of the century, warning people to repent and embrace
asceticism. Under the influence of the impending
doom, Botticelli's style of painting became
more severe and strict. Botticelli's last
known works include 'Calumny of Apelles' (1494-1495),
'The Story of Virginia' (1496-1504), 'The Story
of Lucretia' (1496-1504), 'Mystic Nativity' (1500),and
'St. Zenobiuspanels' (1500-1505). There is hardly
any information available on the last few years
of Botticelli's life. Botticelli
died on 17th of May 1510 in Florence and was buried
in the Ognissanti cemetery.
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